Keanekaragaman Makrofauna Tanah di Objek Wisata Alam Lembah Cilengkrang Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai

Abstract

Lembah Cilengkrang, located within the Mount Ciremai National Park, serves as a natural tourism attraction that is vulnerable to environmental disturbances, including livestock waste pollution. Soil macrofauna play a crucial role in maintaining soil fertility through organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling, and improving soil structure. This study aims to analyze the diversity and distribution of soil macrofauna as indicators of soil fertility in areas affected and unaffected by cattle manure pollution. A total of 30 sampling points were selected using purposive sampling—15 located in polluted zones and 15 in unpolluted zones. The hand-sorting method was employed to collect macrofauna specimens, and data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H') and Evenness Index (E). Results showed that the polluted area had a lower diversity (H' = 0.9885) and moderate evenness (E = 0.6142), while the unpolluted area exhibited higher diversity (H' = 2.0450) and high evenness (E = 0.7973). These findings indicate that cattle waste pollution negatively affects the richness and distribution of soil macrofauna, potentially reducing soil fertility. Therefore, this research highlights the importance of monitoring soil macrofauna as bioindicators and supports the need for sustainable management practices in ecotourism areas such as Lembah Cilengkrang.